Indian Crop Database

Cereal

Rice

Oryza sativa

Staple food for over half of India's population, grown in flooded paddy fields requiring high moisture.

📅 Kharif / Rabi ⚡ Moderate 💧 High

West Bengal Punjab Uttar Pradesh +2 more

Cereal

Wheat

Triticum aestivum

Major Rabi cereal crop and backbone of India's food security, grown in cool winter conditions.

📅 Rabi ⚡ Easy 💧 Moderate

Punjab Haryana Uttar Pradesh +2 more

Cereal

Maize

Zea mays

Versatile cereal used for food, fodder, and industry; adaptable to both Kharif and Rabi seasons.

📅 Kharif / Rabi ⚡ Easy 💧 Moderate

Karnataka Madhya Pradesh Bihar +2 more

Cereal

Bajra (Pearl Millet)

Pennisetum glaucum

Drought-tolerant millet crop grown in arid and semi-arid regions; rich in protein and iron.

📅 Kharif ⚡ Easy 💧 Low

Rajasthan Haryana Uttar Pradesh +2 more

Cereal

Jowar (Sorghum)

Sorghum bicolor

Drought-resistant multi-use crop grown for grain and fodder across dryland farming systems.

📅 Kharif / Rabi ⚡ Easy 💧 Low

Maharashtra Karnataka Rajasthan +2 more

Cereal

Barley

Hordeum vulgare

Hardy cold-tolerant cereal crop used for food, malt, and animal feed; excellent drought resistance.

📅 Rabi ⚡ Easy 💧 Low

Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh Himachal Pradesh +2 more

Cereal

Ragi (Finger Millet)

Eleusine coracana

Highly nutritious small millet with exceptional calcium content; thrives in poor soils and dry climates.

📅 Kharif ⚡ Easy 💧 Low

Karnataka Tamil Nadu Andhra Pradesh +2 more

Cash Crop

Cotton

Gossypium hirsutum

India's 'white gold' — major cash crop driving the textile industry; requires expert pest management.

📅 Kharif ⚡ Moderate 💧 Moderate

Gujarat Maharashtra Telangana +2 more

Cash Crop

Sugarcane

Saccharum officinarum

Long-duration perennial crop producing sugar, jaggery, and ethanol; demands high irrigation inputs.

📅 Year-round ⚡ Moderate 💧 High

Uttar Pradesh Maharashtra Karnataka +2 more

Cash Crop

Jute

Corchorus olitorius

Natural bast fiber crop thriving in humid river delta regions; eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fibers.

📅 Kharif ⚡ Moderate 💧 High

West Bengal Bihar Assam +2 more

Pulse & Oilseed

Soybean

Glycine max

Protein-rich legume oilseed crop fixing atmospheric nitrogen; major raw material for edible oil and feed.

📅 Kharif ⚡ Moderate 💧 Moderate

Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Rajasthan +2 more

Oilseed

Groundnut (Peanut)

Arachis hypogaea

Major oilseed and protein source grown in sandy loam soils; pods develop underground after pegging.

📅 Kharif / Summer ⚡ Moderate 💧 Moderate

Gujarat Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu +2 more

Oilseed

Mustard (Sarson)

Brassica juncea

India's most important Rabi oilseed crop producing pungent cooking oil; prolifically flowering in winter.

📅 Rabi ⚡ Easy 💧 Low

Rajasthan Haryana Uttar Pradesh +2 more

Oilseed

Sunflower

Helianthus annuus

High-yielding oilseed crop producing premium cooking oil; heliotropic habit tracks sunlight for maximum yield.

📅 Kharif / Rabi ⚡ Easy 💧 Moderate

Karnataka Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh +2 more

Oilseed

Sesame (Til)

Sesamum indicum

Ancient oilseed crop with exceptional heat and drought tolerance; seeds rich in antioxidants and oil.

📅 Kharif ⚡ Easy 💧 Low

West Bengal Gujarat Madhya Pradesh +2 more

Oilseed

Castor

Ricinus communis

Industrial oilseed crop producing lubricant-grade castor oil; India supplies over 70% of the world's castor.

📅 Kharif ⚡ Moderate 💧 Low

Gujarat Andhra Pradesh Rajasthan +2 more

Pulse

Chickpea (Chana)

Cicer arietinum

India's most important pulse crop; nitrogen-fixing legume thriving in cool, dry Rabi conditions.

📅 Rabi ⚡ Easy 💧 Low

Madhya Pradesh Rajasthan Maharashtra +2 more

Pulse

Pigeon Pea (Arhar/Tur)

Cajanus cajan

Long-duration perennial pulse adapted to semi-arid conditions; main protein source in Indian dal cuisine.

📅 Kharif ⚡ Moderate 💧 Low

Maharashtra Uttar Pradesh Karnataka +2 more

Pulse

Lentil (Masoor)

Lens culinaris

Cool-season pulse crop producing protein-rich red lentils; highly valued in Indian cuisine and export markets.

📅 Rabi ⚡ Easy 💧 Low

Madhya Pradesh Uttar Pradesh Bihar +2 more

Pulse

Moong (Green Gram)

Vigna radiata

Short-duration legume with excellent drought tolerance; valued for digestible protein-rich sprouts and dal.

📅 Kharif / Summer ⚡ Easy 💧 Low

Rajasthan Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh +2 more

Pulse

Urad (Black Gram)

Vigna mungo

Warm-season pulse essential for idli, dosa and dal makhani; fixes nitrogen improving soil fertility.

📅 Kharif / Rabi ⚡ Easy 💧 Low

Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu Uttar Pradesh +2 more

Pulse

Cowpea (Lobia)

Vigna unguiculata

Versatile heat- and drought-tolerant legume grown for grain, fodder, and green manure in tropical India.

📅 Kharif ⚡ Easy 💧 Low

Karnataka Tamil Nadu Andhra Pradesh +2 more

Vegetable

Tomato

Solanum lycopersicum

India's most economically important vegetable crop, grown year-round under irrigation for fresh and processing markets.

📅 Rabi / Summer ⚡ Moderate 💧 Moderate

Karnataka Andhra Pradesh Maharashtra +2 more

Vegetable

Potato

Solanum tuberosum

Most productive calorie crop per hectare; cold-season tuber requiring well-drained sandy loam for quality yields.

📅 Rabi ⚡ Moderate 💧 Moderate

Uttar Pradesh West Bengal Bihar +2 more